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- Theory
- Theory
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Introduction to PHP tags
Sales fell, and Dumpo restored the original version of the website. Since we are now finished with the main page, we now need to add two more pages to the site: a catalog and a product listing. Let’s start with the catalog.
We need to create a script in order for the new page to appear. A script is a collection of commands that solves a particular problem. For example, the index.php script is responsible for assembling the main page of the store using require.
In order to create a new script, we need to create a file and assign it a name. Then open the file in the mini browser to see the result of executing the script code. After that, you can write the code. A file has already been created for the catalog. It is called catalog.php.
For the PHP code to work, it must be placed inside PHP tags:
<?php // Opening PHP tag
require('file.php'); // Some sort of PHP code
?> // Closing PHP tagThese tags function as a signal. When we use them, we are saying something like “Pay attention: there is PHP code inside”.
We will write the opening and closing PHP tags and then include the header component components/header.php using require.
A file with code from a particular semantic section of the page is called a component. For example, we have a header, footer, page content component.
Files
<?php
require('components/header.php');
require('components/company_info.php');
require('components/footer.php');
<section class="intro">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="intro-title">Comfort and coziness in <b>your</b> apartment</h1>
<p>A variety of home furnishings with delivery worldwide</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="popular-products">
<div class="container">
<h2 class="visually-hidden">Top sellers</h2>
<ul class="products-list">
<li>
<a class="product-card" href="product.php?product_id=1">
<h3>Mseyulida</h3>
<p>floor lamp</p>
<span class="price"><del>$289</del> $288</span>
<img src="img/item-mseyulida.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt=""Mseyulida" floor lamp">
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="product-card product-card-new" href="product.php?product_id=2">
<h3>Rmaeribi</h3>
<p>three-seat sofa</p>
<span class="price">$5870</span>
<img src="img/item-rmaeribi.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt=" "Rmaeribi" three-seat sofa">
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="product-card" href="product.php?product_id=3">
<h3>Bletub</h3>
<p>ceiling chandelier</p>
<span class="price">$1360</span>
<img src="img/item-bletub.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt=""Bletub" ceiling chandelier">
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section class="features">
<div class="container">
<h2 class="features-title">What <b>sets</b> us apart from our competitors?</h2>
<ul class="features-list">
<li class="feature-unique">Our unique products are unlike anything else on the market</li>
<li class="feature-organic">We use only natural materials</li>
<li class="feature-protected">Our furniture is resistant to cat teeth and claws</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<footer class="site-footer">
<div class="container">
<ul class="navigation-list">
<li><a href="catalog.php">Catalog</a></li>
<li><a href="delivery.html">Delivery</a></li>
<li><a href="contacts.html">Contact us</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="social-list">
<li>
<a class="social-link-twitter" href="https://twitter.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="social-link-instagram" href="https://instagram.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Instagram</span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="social-link-facebook" href="https://facebook.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Online store for home furnishings</title>
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<header class="site-header">
<nav class="site-navigation">
<a class="logo-link" href="index.php">
<img src="img/logo-full.svg" width="62" height="17" alt="Gloevk store logo">
</a>
<ul class="navigation-list">
<li><a href="catalog.php">Catalog</a></li>
<li><a href="delivery.html">Delivery</a></li>
<li><a href="contacts.html">Contact us</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<section class="catalog">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="catalog-title">Product catalog</h1>
<ul class="products-list">
<li>
<a class="product-card" href="product.php?product_id=1">
<h3>Mseyulida</h3>
<p>floor lamp</p>
<span class="price"><del>$289</del> $288</span>
<img src="img/item-mseyulida.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt=""Mseyulida" floor lamp">
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="product-card product-card-new" href="product.php?product_id=2">
<h3>Rmaeribi</h3>
<p>three-seat sofa</p>
<span class="price">$5870</span>
<img src="img/item-rmaeribi.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt=" "Rmaeribi" three-seat sofa">
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="product-card" href="product.php?product_id=3">
<h3>Bletub</h3>
<p>ceiling chandelier</p>
<span class="price">$1360</span>
<img src="img/item-bletub.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt="Bletub ceiling chandelier">
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="product-card" href="product.php?product_id=4">
<h3>Nnulm</h3>
<p>desk</p>
<span class="price">$6832</span>
<img src="img/item-nnulm.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt=""Nnulm" computer desk">
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="product-card" href="product.php?product_id=5">
<h3>Asusmer</h3>
<p>hanging bed</p>
<span class="price"><del>$21320</del>$19320</span>
<img src="img/item-asusmer.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt=""Asusmer" hanging bed">
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="product-card product-card-new" href="product.php?product_id=6">
<h3>Tre</h3>
<p>furniture set</p>
<span class="price">$32560</span>
<img src="img/item-tre.jpg" width="156" height="120" alt=""Tre" furniture set">
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
.visually-hidden:not(:focus):not(:active),
input[type="checkbox"].visually-hidden,
input[type="radio"].visually-hidden {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
margin: -1px;
border: 0;
padding: 0;
white-space: nowrap;
clip-path: inset(100%);
clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
overflow: hidden;
}
body {
min-width: 550px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 18px;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: inherit;
}
.container {
width: 510px;
padding: 0 20px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.site-navigation {
display: flex;
width: 510px;
padding: 0 20px;
margin: 0 auto;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.site-header {
position: relative;
z-index: 2;
box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.logo-link:hover,
.logo-link:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.logo-link:active {
opacity: 0.3;
}
.logo-link img {
margin: 10px 0;
}
.navigation-list {
display: flex;
margin: 0 -15px 0 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: flex-end;
}
.navigation-list a:hover,
.navigation-list a:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.navigation-list a:active {
color: #ff8a00;
}
.navigation-list a {
display: block;
padding: 12px 15px 11px;
color: #845927;
}
.intro .container {
z-index: -1;
min-height: 150px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding: 15px 0 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
background-image: url("img/index-background.jpg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: top right;
}
.intro-title {
width: 240px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 28px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.intro-title b,
.features-title b,
.delivery-text b {
font-weight: 400;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.intro p {
width: 210px;
margin: 8px 0 10px;
padding: 0;
line-height: 20px;
}
.quote {
display: block;
position: relative;
padding: 0 0 0 33px;
margin: 20px 0 20px;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
}
.quote p {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 24px;
quotes: none;
}
.quote::before {
position: absolute;
content: "«";
top: 0;
left: 0;
font-size: 36px;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.author {
display: block;
padding: 0;
margin: 4px 0;
}
.popular-products {
margin: 0;
background-color: #fff3e5;
}
.delivery,
.custom,
.contacts,
.catalog,
.item {
margin: 15px 0 10px;
}
.delivery-title,
.custom-title,
.contacts-title,
.catalog-title,
.item-title {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 28px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.custom-columns {
display: flex;
flex-grow: 0;
}
.custom-columns img {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 20px 30px 0;
min-height: 200px;
}
.custom-columns div {
margin: 5px 0 20px;
}
.products-list {
display: flex;
padding: 20px 0 0;
margin: 0 0 0 -20px;
flex-wrap: wrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
list-style: none;
}
.products-list li {
display: flex;
}
.product-card {
position: relative;
display: flex;
width: 132px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
margin-left: 20px;
padding: 124px 12px 12px;
flex-direction: column;
background-color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.product-card-new {
position: relative;
}
.product-card-new::after {
position: absolute;
content: "new";
width: 34px;
height: 15px;
top: 8px;
right: -2px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 14px;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
}
.product-card:hover,
.product-card:focus {
box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
.product-card:active {
box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.product-card img {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
order: -1;
}
.product-card h3 {
margin: 0 0 2px 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 15px;
line-height: 18px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.product-card p {
margin: 0 0 8px 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 16px;
}
.price {
margin-top: auto;
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 15px;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.price del {
margin-right: 2px;
font-weight: 400;
font-size: 13px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration: line-through;
}
.map-link {
display: block;
margin-top: -20px;
margin-bottom: 30px;
color: #845927;
}
.map-link:hover,
.map-link:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.map-link:active {
color: #ff8a00;
}
.contacts img,
.item img {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 0 30px;
min-height: 200px;
}
.contacts-info {
margin: -10px 0 30px;
}
.contacts-info p {
position: relative;
padding-left: 16px;
margin: 12px 0;
}
.contact-phone::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 10px;
height: 13px;
top: 2px;
left: 0;
background-image: url("img/icon-phone.svg");
}
.contact-address::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 9px;
height: 13px;
top: 2px;
left: 0;
background-image: url("img/icon-pin.svg");
}
.delivery-background {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 0 30px;
min-height: 200px;
background-image: url("img/delivery-background.jpg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center left;
}
.delivery-text {
width: 210px;
margin-left: auto;
padding: 16px 20px 20px;
background-color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.delivery-text p {
margin: 8px;
padding: 0;
}
.features {
padding-top: 20px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.features-title,
.services-title,
.products-title {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 20px;
line-height: 24px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.features-list {
display: flex;
padding: 0;
margin: 14px 0 0;
justify-content: space-between;
flex-wrap: wrap;
list-style: none;
}
.features-list li {
position: relative;
width: 142px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.features-list li::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
top: 2px;
left: 0;
}
.feature-unique {
padding-left: 22px;
}
.feature-unique::before {
width: 16px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-unique.svg");
}
.feature-organic {
padding-left: 25px;
}
.feature-organic::before {
width: 19px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-organic.svg");
}
.feature-protected {
padding-left: 16px;
}
.feature-protected::before {
width: 10px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-protected.svg");
}
.site-footer {
background-color: #847462;
}
.site-footer .container {
display: flex;
flex-grow: 1;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.copyright {
margin: auto 0;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: #ffffff;
}
.site-footer .navigation-list {
margin-right: 15px;
margin-left: -15px;
justify-content: left;
}
.copyright + .navigation-list {
justify-content: center;
margin-left: 15px;
}
.site-footer a {
display: block;
margin: 0;
padding: 14px 15px;
color: #ffffff;
}
.social-list {
display: flex;
width: 110px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0 -10px 2px;
justify-content: end;
flex-shrink: 0;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: center;
list-style: none;
}
.social-list a {
display: block;
width: 14px;
height: 14px;
padding: 10px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
}
.social-link-twitter {
background-image: url("img/icon-twitter.svg");
}
.social-link-instagram {
background-image: url("img/icon-instagram.svg");
}
.social-link-facebook {
background-image: url("img/icon-facebook.svg");
}
.social-list a:hover,
.social-list a:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.social-list a:active {
opacity: 0.3;
}
/* Additional styles for an alternate homepage */
.intro-alt {
min-height: 145px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
color: #ffffff;
background: linear-gradient(#ffad4c 0%, #ea9b3e 80%, #ffad4c 100%);
}
.intro-alt .container {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.intro-text {
flex-shrink: 0;
padding: 20px 0;
}
.intro-item {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
position: relative;
width: 272px;
padding-top: 58px;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.intro-item img {
position: absolute;
top: 14px;
right: 0;
}
.intro-item p {
margin-bottom: 2px;
z-index: 2;
}
.intro-alt .intro-title {
margin: 0;
padding: 0 0 4px;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 32px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.intro-description {
margin: 0;
padding: 0 0 16px;
font-size: 15px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.intro-info {
margin: 0;
line-height: 22px;
}
.intro-alt code {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: baseline;
margin: 0 8px;
padding: 1px 8px;
font-family: inherit;
color: #000000;
font-weight: 700;
letter-spacing: 0.5px;
background-color: #ffffff;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.intro-price {
z-index: 2;
font-size: 15px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.intro-price del {
margin-right: 2px;
font-weight: 400;
font-size: 13px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration: line-through;
}
.services-list {
display: flex;
padding: 0;
margin: 14px 0 0;
justify-content: space-between;
flex-wrap: wrap;
list-style: none;
}
.services-list li {
position: relative;
width: 156px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding: 122px 0 0;
}
.services-list li::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 156px;
height: 114px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
.service-cleaning::before {
background-image: url("img/service-cleaning.jpg");
}
.service-placing::before {
background-image: url("img/service-placing.jpg");
}
.service-decorating::before {
background-image: url("img/service-decorating.jpg");
}
.products-title {
padding-top: 20px;
}
.product-card-wide {
position: relative;
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
width: 100px;
min-height: 81px;
margin-bottom: 30px;
margin-left: 20px;
padding: 15px 25px 15px 120px;
background-color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.product-card-wide p {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
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