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- Theory
- Theory
- Comments
Introduction to else
We calculated delivery based on one condition. For all other cases, delivery is the product price divided by 20. How can we designate “in all other cases”?
To do this, we use the else statement. It is used to indicate an alternative action option in case the condition inside if is not executed.
if (condition) {
actions;
} else {
other actions;
}It reads something like this: if the condition is met, perform the actions, otherwise perform the other actions.
To add this alternative statement to the code, after the closing brace of if add the word else and curly braces, and inside the curly braces write the actions that need to be executed.
Add else to our condition. If the condition in if is invalid, the value of the variable $delivery_cost will be $final_price /20 .
Files
<?php
require('products_db.php');
require('components/header.php');
$id = $_GET['product_id'];
$title = get_product_title($id);
$img_url = get_img_url($id);
$price = 10000;
$discount = 5000;
$is_new = true;
$is_last = true;
$product_class = 'item';
if ($discount > 0) {
$price_with_discount = $price - $discount ;
}
if ($is_new) {
$product_class = $product_class . ' item-new';
}
if ($discount > 1400 || $is_last) {
$product_class = $product_class . ' item-hot';
};
require('components/product_info.php');
require('components/footer.php');
<footer class="site-footer">
<div class="container">
<p class="copyright">© Muffin, 2019</p>
<ul class="navigation-list">
<li><a href="catalog.php">Catalog</a></li>
<li><a href="delivery.html">Delivery</a></li>
<li><a href="contacts.html">Contact us</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="social-list">
<li>
<a class="social-link-twitter" href="https://twitter.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="social-link-instagram" href="https://instagram.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Instagram</span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="social-link-facebook" href="https://facebook.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Online store for home furnishings</title>
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<header class="site-header">
<nav class="site-navigation">
<a class="logo-link" href="index.php">
<img src="img/logo-full.svg" width="62" height="17" alt="Gloevk store logo">
</a>
<ul class="navigation-list">
<li><a href="catalog.php">Catalog</a></li>
<li><a href="delivery.html">Delivery</a></li>
<li><a href="contacts.html">Contact us</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<section class="<?= $product_class ?>">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="item-title"><?= $title ?></h1>
<div class="item-img">
<img src="<?= $img_url ?>" width="510" height="392" alt="<?= $title ?>">
</div>
<div class="item-buy">
<div class="price">
<p class="price-old"><i>Price </i>$<?= $price ?></p>
<?php if ($discount > 0): ?>
<p class="price-new"><i>New price </i>$<?= $price_with_discount ?></p>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
.visually-hidden:not(:focus):not(:active),
input[type="checkbox"].visually-hidden,
input[type="radio"].visually-hidden {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
margin: -1px;
border: 0;
padding: 0;
white-space: nowrap;
clip-path: inset(100%);
clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
overflow: hidden;
}
body {
min-width: 550px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 18px;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: inherit;
}
.container {
width: 510px;
padding: 0 20px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.site-navigation {
display: flex;
width: 510px;
padding: 0 20px;
margin: 0 auto;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.site-header {
position: relative;
z-index: 2;
box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.logo-link:hover,
.logo-link:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.logo-link:active {
opacity: 0.3;
}
.logo-link img {
margin: 10px 0;
}
.navigation-list {
display: flex;
margin: 0 -15px 0 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: flex-end;
}
.navigation-list a:hover,
.navigation-list a:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.navigation-list a:active {
color: #ff8a00;
}
.navigation-list a {
display: block;
padding: 12px 15px 11px;
color: #845927;
}
.intro .container {
z-index: -1;
min-height: 150px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding: 15px 0 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
background-image: url("img/index-background.jpg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: top right;
}
.intro-title {
width: 240px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 28px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.intro-title b,
.features-title b,
.delivery-text b {
font-weight: 400;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.intro p {
width: 210px;
margin: 8px 0 10px;
padding: 0;
line-height: 20px;
}
.quote {
display: block;
position: relative;
padding: 0 0 0 33px;
margin: 20px 0 20px;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
}
.quote p {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 24px;
quotes: none;
}
.quote::before {
position: absolute;
content: "«";
top: 0;
left: 0;
font-size: 36px;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.author {
display: block;
padding: 0;
margin: 4px 0;
}
.popular-products {
margin: 0;
background-color: #fff3e5;
}
.delivery,
.custom,
.contacts,
.catalog,
.item,
.order {
padding-top: 15px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.delivery-title,
.custom-title,
.contacts-title,
.catalog-title,
.order-title {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 28px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.custom-columns {
display: flex;
flex-grow: 0;
}
.custom-columns img {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 20px 20px 0;
min-height: 200px;
}
.custom-columns div {
margin: 5px 0 20px;
}
.products-list {
display: flex;
padding: 20px 0 0;
margin: 0 0 0 -20px;
flex-wrap: wrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
list-style: none;
}
.products-list li {
display: flex;
}
.product-card {
position: relative;
display: flex;
width: 132px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
margin-left: 20px;
padding: 124px 12px 12px;
flex-direction: column;
background-color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.product-card-new {
position: relative;
}
.product-card-new::after {
position: absolute;
content: "new";
width: 34px;
height: 15px;
top: 8px;
right: -2px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 14px;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
}
.product-card:hover,
.product-card:focus {
box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
.product-card:active {
box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.product-card img {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
order: -1;
}
.product-card h3 {
margin: 0 0 2px 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 15px;
line-height: 18px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.product-card p {
margin: 0 0 8px 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 16px;
}
.price {
margin-top: auto;
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 15px;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.price del {
margin-right: 2px;
font-weight: 400;
font-size: 13px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration: line-through;
}
.map-link {
display: block;
margin-top: -20px;
margin-bottom: 30px;
color: #845927;
}
.map-link:hover,
.map-link:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.map-link:active {
color: #ff8a00;
}
.contacts img,
.item-img {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 0 30px;
min-height: 200px;
}
.item-title {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: baseline;
padding-right: 50px;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 28px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.item-new .item-title {
position: relative;
}
.item-new .item-title::after {
position: absolute;
content: "new";
width: 38px;
height: 16px;
top: 13px;
right: 0;
font-family: "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif;
font-size: 15px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 14px;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.item-hot .item-img {
position: relative;
padding-top: 36px;
}
.item-hot .item-img::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 510px;
height: 36px;
top: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: #fff3e5;
background-image: url("img/icon-hot.svg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: 11px 14px;
background-position: 122px 10px;
}
.item-hot .item-img::after {
position: absolute;
content: "Buy now before it's too late! The product will soon sell out!";
top: 10px;
left: 140px;
}
.item-buy {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: flex-start;
margin: 20px 0 -10px;
}
.item-buy .price {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
position: relative;
max-width: 510px;
margin-top: -2px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.item-buy p {
margin: 0 25px 10px 0;
word-wrap: break-word;
color: #000000;
font-weight: 400;
}
.item-buy i {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 2px;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
font-size: 13px;
font-weight: 400;
color: #000000;
}
.price-old i {
margin-bottom: 3px;
}
p.price-new {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 18px;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.button {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
max-width: 462px;
padding: 8px 24px 7px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
text-align: center;
color: #ffffff;
font-weight: 700;
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 0.5px;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 4px rgba(255, 138, 0, 0.4);
}
.button:hover,
.button:focus {
background-color: #ff9900;
box-shadow: 0 6px 8px rgba(255, 138, 0, 0.4);
}
.button:active {
background-color: #ff8a00;
box-shadow: 0 2px 2px rgba(255, 138, 0, 0.6);
}
.order-list {
width: 100%;
margin: 10px 0 20px;
border-collapse: collapse;
text-align: left;
}
.order-list img {
width: 68px;
height: 52px;
margin-bottom: -5px;
}
.order-list tr {
border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e2e2;
}
.order-list td {
padding: 10px 20px 10px 0;
}
.order-list th:last-child {
width: 140px;
}
.order-list th {
padding: 10px 20px 10px 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
font-weight: 400;
vertical-align: bottom;
}
.order-list td:last-child,
.order-list th:last-child {
padding-right: 0;
}
.contacts-info {
margin: -10px 0 20px;
}
.contacts-info p {
position: relative;
padding-left: 16px;
margin: 12px 0;
}
.contact-phone::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 10px;
height: 13px;
top: 2px;
left: 0;
background-image: url("img/icon-phone.svg");
}
.contact-address::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 9px;
height: 13px;
top: 2px;
left: 0;
background-image: url("img/icon-pin.svg");
}
.delivery-background {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 0 20px;
min-height: 200px;
background-image: url("img/delivery-background.jpg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center left;
}
.delivery-text {
width: 210px;
margin-left: auto;
padding: 16px 20px 20px;
background-color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.delivery-text p {
margin: 8px;
padding: 0;
}
.features {
padding-top: 20px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.features-title,
.services-title,
.products-title {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 20px;
line-height: 24px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.features-list {
display: flex;
padding: 0;
margin: 14px 0 0;
justify-content: space-between;
flex-wrap: wrap;
list-style: none;
}
.features-list li {
position: relative;
width: 142px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.features-list li::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
top: 2px;
left: 0;
}
.feature-unique {
padding-left: 22px;
}
.feature-unique::before {
width: 16px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-unique.svg");
}
.feature-organic {
padding-left: 25px;
}
.feature-organic::before {
width: 19px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-organic.svg");
}
.feature-protected {
padding-left: 16px;
}
.feature-protected::before {
width: 10px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-protected.svg");
}
.site-footer {
background-color: #847462;
}
.site-footer .container {
display: flex;
flex-grow: 1;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.copyright {
margin: auto 0;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: #ffffff;
}
.site-footer .navigation-list {
margin-right: 15px;
margin-left: -15px;
justify-content: left;
}
.copyright + .navigation-list {
justify-content: center;
margin-left: 15px;
}
.site-footer a {
display: block;
margin: 0;
padding: 14px 15px;
color: #ffffff;
}
.social-list {
display: flex;
width: 110px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0 -10px 2px;
justify-content: end;
flex-shrink: 0;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: center;
list-style: none;
}
.social-list a {
display: block;
width: 14px;
height: 14px;
padding: 10px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
}
.social-link-twitter {
background-image: url("img/icon-twitter.svg");
}
.social-link-instagram {
background-image: url("img/icon-instagram.svg");
}
.social-link-facebook {
background-image: url("img/icon-facebook.svg");
}
.social-list a:hover,
.social-list a:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.social-list a:active {
opacity: 0.3;
}
/* Additional styles for the product promotion page */
.violet-tuesday {
margin: 0;
padding: 16px 0 18px;
text-align: center;
color: #ffffff;
background-color: #4626a1;
background-image: url("img/violet-tuesday-bg.png");
background-size: 550px auto;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center center;
}
.violet-tuesday b {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 8px;
font-size: 32px;
line-height: 32px;
}
.violet-tuesday p {
margin: 0;
font-size: 15px;
line-height: 18px;
}
.item-violet {
min-height: 240px;
color: #ffffff;
background-color: #6f55d5;
}
.item-violet .container {
position: relative;
padding-top: 20px;
}
.item-violet .container::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 58px;
height: 34px;
top: -9px;
left: 180px;
background-image: url("img/dots-short.svg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
opacity: 0.3;
}
.item-violet .container::after {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 154px;
height: 42px;
top: 184px;
left: 254px;
background-image: url("img/dots-wide.svg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
.item-violet .item-img {
position: absolute;
margin: 0;
padding-top: 0;
top: 15px;
right: 20px;
color: #000000;
}
.item-violet img {
width: 255px;
height: auto;
}
.item-violet .item-title {
width: 230px;
margin-bottom: 24px;
word-wrap: break-word;
font-size: 36px;
line-height: 44px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.item-violet .item-title::after,
.item-violet .item-img::before,
.item-violet .item-img::after {
content: none;
}
.item-violet.item-new .item-img::after {
position: absolute;
content: "new";
width: 34px;
height: 15px;
top: 8px;
left: auto;
right: -2px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 14px;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
}
.item-violet .item-buy {
margin-top: 0;
flex-direction: column;
}
.item-violet .price {
width: 230px;
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 12px;
padding-bottom: 4px;
font-size: 24px;
}
.item-violet .price i {
display: none;
}
.item-violet .price-old {
font-size: 18px;
color: #ffffff;
}
.item-violet .price-new {
font-size: 24px;
}
.item-violet p {
margin: 0 10px 12px 0;
min-width: 0;
line-height: 24px;
}
.item-violet .button {
max-width: 177px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.item-violet.item-hot .price {
margin-bottom: 44px;
}
.item-violet.item-hot .price::after {
position: absolute;
content: "The product will soon sell out!";
font-size: 13px;
font-weight: 400;
color: #ffffff;
top: auto;
bottom: -25px;
left: 16px;
}
.item-violet.item-hot .price::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 11px;
height: 14px;
top: auto;
bottom: -22px;
left: 0;
background-image: url("img/icon-hot.svg");
}
<?php
function get_products() {
return [
'1' => [
'title' => 'Asusmer hanging bed',
'img_url' => 'img/item-asusmer.jpg',
'price' => 10000,
'discount' => 1000,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'2' => [
'title' => 'Badeta armchair',
'img_url' => 'img/item-badeta.jpg',
'price' => 3500,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => false
],
'3' => [
'title' => 'Blempere stickers',
'img_url' => 'img/item-blempere.jpg',
'price' => 500,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => true
],
'4' => [
'title' => 'Bletub chandelier',
'img_url' => 'img/item-bletub.jpg',
'price' => 4000,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'5' => [
'title' => 'Breirberi organizer',
'img_url' => 'img/item-breirberi.jpg',
'price' => 5000,
'discount' => 3000,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'6' => [
'title' => 'Mseyulida lamp',
'img_url' => 'img/item-mseyulida.jpg',
'price' => 4000,
'discount' => 500,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'7' => [
'title' => 'Rmaeribi sofa',
'img_url' => 'img/item-rmaeribi.jpg',
'price' => 15000,
'discount' => 4500,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'8' => [
'title' => 'Nnulm desk',
'img_url' => 'img/item-nnulm.jpg',
'price' => 5000,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'9' => [
'title' => 'Tre furniture set',
'img_url' => 'img/item-tre.jpg',
'price' => 20000,
'discount' => 3000,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'10' => [
'title' => 'Granny style chandelier',
'img_url' => 'img/item-default-old-lamp.jpg',
'price' => 7000,
'discount' => 2000,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => true
],
'11' => [
'title' => 'Do lamp',
'img_url' => 'img/item-do.jpg',
'price' => 3500,
'discount' => 500,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'12' => [
'title' => 'Tueta panel',
'img_url' => 'img/item-tueta.jpg',
'price' => 5000,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'13' => [
'title' => 'Nmyao pillow',
'img_url' => 'img/item-nmyao.jpg',
'price' => 1500,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => false
],
'14' => [
'title' => 'Kel lamp',
'img_url' => 'img/item-kel.jpg',
'price' => 3000,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'15' => [
'title' => 'Omase pillow',
'img_url' => 'img/item-omase.jpg',
'price' => 2000,
'discount' => 100,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'16' => [
'title' => 'Ormu basket',
'img_url' => 'img/item-ormu.jpg',
'price' => 2200,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'17' => [
'title' => 'Pinas paperclips',
'img_url' => 'img/item-pinas.jpg',
'price' => 100,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'18' => [
'title' => 'Preum compact cassette',
'img_url' => 'img/item-preum.jpg',
'price' => 200,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'19' => [
'title' => 'Rmob souvenir',
'img_url' => 'img/item-rmob.jpg',
'price' => 1500,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => false
],
'20' => [
'title' => 'Tkuoko chandelier',
'img_url' => 'img/item-tkuoko.jpg',
'price' => 2100,
'discount' => 1000,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => false
],
'21' => [
'title' => 'Breirberi organizer',
'img_url' => 'img/item-breirberi.jpg',
'price' => 5000,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'22' => [
'title' => 'Briatuo armchairs',
'img_url' => 'img/item-briatuo.jpg',
'price' => 7000,
'discount' => 5500,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => true
]
];
}
function get_product_attribute($id, $attr) {
$products = get_products();
$result = $products[$id][$attr] ?? null;
return $result;
}
function get_product_price($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'price');
}
function get_product_title($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'title');
}
function get_img_url($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'img_url');
}
function get_product_discount($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'discount');
}
function get_product_is_new($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'is_new');
}
function get_product_is_last($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'is_last');
}
<?php
require('products_db.php');
require('components/header.php');
$id = $_GET['product_id'];
$title = get_product_title($id);
$img_url = get_img_url($id);
$price = 2500;
$discount = 600;
$is_new = true;
$final_price = $price;
if ($discount > 0) {
$final_price = $price - $discount;
}
if ($is_new && $final_price < 2000) {
$delivery_cost = $final_price;
muffin_log('Delivery of discounted newly arrived products' . $delivery_cost);
} // Add else here
require('components/delivery_info.php');
require('components/footer.php');
<section class="order">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="order-title">Delivery order</h1>
<table class="order-list">
<tr>
<th>Photos</th>
<th>Product name</th>
<th>Price</th>
<th>Delivery price</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="<?= $img_url ?>" width="68" height="52" alt="<?= $title ?>"></td>
<td><?= $title ?></td>
<td>$<?= $final_price ?></td>
<td><span class="price">$1000</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</section>
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- Add
else {}on line 20 after the closing parenthesis. - Inside the curly braces, create a variable
$delivery_costwith the value$final_price / 20. - On the next line, output the following to the console:
'Delivery of ordinary products'. $delivery_cost. - Change the value of the variable
$discountto1500and see what is output to the console.
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