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- Theory
- Theory
- Comments
Using the logical values true and false
Great job! But it is not yet time to kick back and relax: we have received a new assignment. We need to add the “new” label to new products.
If the product is new, we need to be able to add the additional class item-new to the page markup. It turns out that we need two alternative page markup options: one with this class and another without it. The web designers have already prepared these two options for us:
<section class="item">
// If the condition is not met and the product is not new.
<section class="item item-new">
// If the condition is met, then the label will be added to the new product.
To modify the page markup depending on the conditions, we will use a trick that is already in our toolbox: we’ll embed the PHP code directly into the template.
<section class="item
<?php if (condition): ?>
PHP code
<?php endif; ?>
">
But how can you tell if the product is new?
The programmers decided that the new release attribute would be stored in the variable $is_new. The product is considered new if the value of the variable is true, and it is considered not new if it is false.
We already encountered such values at the very beginning, when we included the “Purple Tuesday” campaign. They are called logical or Boolean (capitalised because it’s named after the mathematician George Boole). There are only two Boolean values: true and false. Boolean statements are called logical operations.
$is_new = true;
if ($is_new) {
muffin_log('New release!');
}
// The following is displayed in the console: "New release!"
The value of the variable in parentheses is not compared with anything else. If it is true, then the actions inside the condition body will be executed. If the value of the variable is false, then it will not be executed.
The developers have already written some of the code, and our assignment is to finalize it. Let’s get started!
Files
<?php
require('products_db.php');
require('components/header.php');
$id = $_GET['product_id'];
$title = get_product_title($id);
$img_url = get_img_url($id);
$price = 2000;
$discount = 100;
$is_new = true;
if ($discount > 0) {
$price_with_discount = $price - $discount;
}
require('components/product_info.php');
require('components/footer.php');
<footer class="site-footer">
<div class="container">
<p class="copyright">© Muffin, 2019</p>
<ul class="navigation-list">
<li><a href="catalog.php">Catalog</a></li>
<li><a href="delivery.html">Delivery</a></li>
<li><a href="contacts.html">Contact us</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="social-list">
<li>
<a class="social-link-twitter" href="https://twitter.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="social-link-instagram" href="https://instagram.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Instagram</span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="social-link-facebook" href="https://facebook.com">
<span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Online store for home furnishings</title>
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<header class="site-header">
<nav class="site-navigation">
<a class="logo-link" href="index.php">
<img src="img/logo-full.svg" width="62" height="17" alt="Gloevk store logo">
</a>
<ul class="navigation-list">
<li><a href="catalog.php">Catalog</a></li>
<li><a href="delivery.html">Delivery</a></li>
<li><a href="contacts.html">Contact us</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<section class="item
<?php if ($is_new): ?>
<?php endif; ?>
">
<div class="container">
<h1 class="item-title"><?= $title ?></h1>
<div class="item-img">
<img src="<?= $img_url ?>" width="510" height="392" alt="<?= $title ?>">
</div>
<div class="item-buy">
<div class="price">
<p class="price-old"><i>Price </i>$<?= $price ?></p>
<?php if ($discount > 0): ?>
<p class="price-new"><i>New price </i>$<?= $price_with_discount ?></p>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
.visually-hidden:not(:focus):not(:active),
input[type="checkbox"].visually-hidden,
input[type="radio"].visually-hidden {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
margin: -1px;
border: 0;
padding: 0;
white-space: nowrap;
clip-path: inset(100%);
clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
overflow: hidden;
}
body {
min-width: 550px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 18px;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: inherit;
}
.container {
width: 510px;
padding: 0 20px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.site-navigation {
display: flex;
width: 510px;
padding: 0 20px;
margin: 0 auto;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.site-header {
position: relative;
z-index: 2;
box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.logo-link:hover,
.logo-link:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.logo-link:active {
opacity: 0.3;
}
.logo-link img {
margin: 10px 0;
}
.navigation-list {
display: flex;
margin: 0 -15px 0 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: flex-end;
}
.navigation-list a:hover,
.navigation-list a:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.navigation-list a:active {
color: #ff8a00;
}
.navigation-list a {
display: block;
padding: 12px 15px 11px;
color: #845927;
}
.intro .container {
z-index: -1;
min-height: 150px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding: 15px 0 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
background-image: url("img/index-background.jpg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: top right;
}
.intro-title {
width: 240px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 28px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.intro-title b,
.features-title b,
.delivery-text b {
font-weight: 400;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.intro p {
width: 210px;
margin: 8px 0 10px;
padding: 0;
line-height: 20px;
}
.quote {
display: block;
position: relative;
padding: 0 0 0 33px;
margin: 20px 0 20px;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
}
.quote p {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 24px;
quotes: none;
}
.quote::before {
position: absolute;
content: "«";
top: 0;
left: 0;
font-size: 36px;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.author {
display: block;
padding: 0;
margin: 4px 0;
}
.popular-products {
margin: 0;
background-color: #fff3e5;
}
.delivery,
.custom,
.contacts,
.catalog,
.item,
.order {
padding-top: 15px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.delivery-title,
.custom-title,
.contacts-title,
.catalog-title,
.order-title {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 28px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.custom-columns {
display: flex;
flex-grow: 0;
}
.custom-columns img {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 20px 20px 0;
min-height: 200px;
}
.custom-columns div {
margin: 5px 0 20px;
}
.products-list {
display: flex;
padding: 20px 0 0;
margin: 0 0 0 -20px;
flex-wrap: wrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
list-style: none;
}
.products-list li {
display: flex;
}
.product-card {
position: relative;
display: flex;
width: 132px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
margin-left: 20px;
padding: 124px 12px 12px;
flex-direction: column;
background-color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.product-card-new {
position: relative;
}
.product-card-new::after {
position: absolute;
content: "new";
width: 34px;
height: 15px;
top: 8px;
right: -2px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 14px;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
}
.product-card:hover,
.product-card:focus {
box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
.product-card:active {
box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.product-card img {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
order: -1;
}
.product-card h3 {
margin: 0 0 2px 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 15px;
line-height: 18px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.product-card p {
margin: 0 0 8px 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 16px;
}
.price {
margin-top: auto;
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 15px;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.price del {
margin-right: 2px;
font-weight: 400;
font-size: 13px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration: line-through;
}
.map-link {
display: block;
margin-top: -20px;
margin-bottom: 30px;
color: #845927;
}
.map-link:hover,
.map-link:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.map-link:active {
color: #ff8a00;
}
.contacts img,
.item-img {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 0 30px;
min-height: 200px;
}
.item-title {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: baseline;
padding-right: 50px;
margin: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 28px;
line-height: 36px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.item-new .item-title {
position: relative;
}
.item-new .item-title::after {
position: absolute;
content: "new";
width: 38px;
height: 16px;
top: 13px;
right: 0;
font-family: "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif;
font-size: 15px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 14px;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.item-hot .item-img {
position: relative;
padding-top: 36px;
}
.item-hot .item-img::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 510px;
height: 36px;
top: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: #fff3e5;
background-image: url("img/icon-hot.svg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: 11px 14px;
background-position: 122px 10px;
}
.item-hot .item-img::after {
position: absolute;
content: "Buy now before it's too late! The product will soon sell out!";
top: 10px;
left: 140px;
}
.item-buy {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: flex-start;
margin: 20px 0 -10px;
}
.item-buy .price {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
position: relative;
max-width: 510px;
margin-top: -2px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.item-buy p {
margin: 0 25px 10px 0;
word-wrap: break-word;
color: #000000;
font-weight: 400;
}
.item-buy i {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 2px;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
font-size: 13px;
font-weight: 400;
color: #000000;
}
.price-old i {
margin-bottom: 3px;
}
p.price-new {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 18px;
color: #ff8a00;
}
.button {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
max-width: 462px;
padding: 8px 24px 7px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
text-align: center;
color: #ffffff;
font-weight: 700;
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 0.5px;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 4px rgba(255, 138, 0, 0.4);
}
.button:hover,
.button:focus {
background-color: #ff9900;
box-shadow: 0 6px 8px rgba(255, 138, 0, 0.4);
}
.button:active {
background-color: #ff8a00;
box-shadow: 0 2px 2px rgba(255, 138, 0, 0.6);
}
.order-list {
width: 100%;
margin: 10px 0 20px;
border-collapse: collapse;
text-align: left;
}
.order-list img {
width: 68px;
height: 52px;
margin-bottom: -5px;
}
.order-list tr {
border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e2e2;
}
.order-list td {
padding: 10px 20px 10px 0;
}
.order-list th:last-child {
width: 140px;
}
.order-list th {
padding: 10px 20px 10px 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-style: italic;
font-weight: 400;
vertical-align: bottom;
}
.order-list td:last-child,
.order-list th:last-child {
padding-right: 0;
}
.contacts-info {
margin: -10px 0 20px;
}
.contacts-info p {
position: relative;
padding-left: 16px;
margin: 12px 0;
}
.contact-phone::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 10px;
height: 13px;
top: 2px;
left: 0;
background-image: url("img/icon-phone.svg");
}
.contact-address::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 9px;
height: 13px;
top: 2px;
left: 0;
background-image: url("img/icon-pin.svg");
}
.delivery-background {
display: flex;
flex-shrink: 0;
align-items: center;
margin: 20px 0 20px;
min-height: 200px;
background-image: url("img/delivery-background.jpg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center left;
}
.delivery-text {
width: 210px;
margin-left: auto;
padding: 16px 20px 20px;
background-color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.delivery-text p {
margin: 8px;
padding: 0;
}
.features {
padding-top: 20px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
.features-title,
.services-title,
.products-title {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: "Georgia", "Times", serif;
font-size: 20px;
line-height: 24px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.features-list {
display: flex;
padding: 0;
margin: 14px 0 0;
justify-content: space-between;
flex-wrap: wrap;
list-style: none;
}
.features-list li {
position: relative;
width: 142px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.features-list li::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
top: 2px;
left: 0;
}
.feature-unique {
padding-left: 22px;
}
.feature-unique::before {
width: 16px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-unique.svg");
}
.feature-organic {
padding-left: 25px;
}
.feature-organic::before {
width: 19px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-organic.svg");
}
.feature-protected {
padding-left: 16px;
}
.feature-protected::before {
width: 10px;
height: 12px;
background-image: url("img/feature-protected.svg");
}
.site-footer {
background-color: #847462;
}
.site-footer .container {
display: flex;
flex-grow: 1;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.copyright {
margin: auto 0;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: #ffffff;
}
.site-footer .navigation-list {
margin-right: 15px;
margin-left: -15px;
justify-content: left;
}
.copyright + .navigation-list {
justify-content: center;
margin-left: 15px;
}
.site-footer a {
display: block;
margin: 0;
padding: 14px 15px;
color: #ffffff;
}
.social-list {
display: flex;
width: 110px;
padding: 0;
margin: 0 -10px 2px;
justify-content: end;
flex-shrink: 0;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: center;
list-style: none;
}
.social-list a {
display: block;
width: 14px;
height: 14px;
padding: 10px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
}
.social-link-twitter {
background-image: url("img/icon-twitter.svg");
}
.social-link-instagram {
background-image: url("img/icon-instagram.svg");
}
.social-link-facebook {
background-image: url("img/icon-facebook.svg");
}
.social-list a:hover,
.social-list a:focus {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.social-list a:active {
opacity: 0.3;
}
/* Additional styles for the product promotion page */
.violet-tuesday {
margin: 0;
padding: 16px 0 18px;
text-align: center;
color: #ffffff;
background-color: #4626a1;
background-image: url("img/violet-tuesday-bg.png");
background-size: 550px auto;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center center;
}
.violet-tuesday b {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 8px;
font-size: 32px;
line-height: 32px;
}
.violet-tuesday p {
margin: 0;
font-size: 15px;
line-height: 18px;
}
.item-violet {
min-height: 240px;
color: #ffffff;
background-color: #6f55d5;
}
.item-violet .container {
position: relative;
padding-top: 20px;
}
.item-violet .container::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 58px;
height: 34px;
top: -9px;
left: 180px;
background-image: url("img/dots-short.svg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
opacity: 0.3;
}
.item-violet .container::after {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 154px;
height: 42px;
top: 184px;
left: 254px;
background-image: url("img/dots-wide.svg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
.item-violet .item-img {
position: absolute;
margin: 0;
padding-top: 0;
top: 15px;
right: 20px;
color: #000000;
}
.item-violet img {
width: 255px;
height: auto;
}
.item-violet .item-title {
width: 230px;
margin-bottom: 24px;
word-wrap: break-word;
font-size: 36px;
line-height: 44px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.item-violet .item-title::after,
.item-violet .item-img::before,
.item-violet .item-img::after {
content: none;
}
.item-violet.item-new .item-img::after {
position: absolute;
content: "new";
width: 34px;
height: 15px;
top: 8px;
left: auto;
right: -2px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 14px;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
background-color: #ff8a00;
border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
}
.item-violet .item-buy {
margin-top: 0;
flex-direction: column;
}
.item-violet .price {
width: 230px;
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 12px;
padding-bottom: 4px;
font-size: 24px;
}
.item-violet .price i {
display: none;
}
.item-violet .price-old {
font-size: 18px;
color: #ffffff;
}
.item-violet .price-new {
font-size: 24px;
}
.item-violet p {
margin: 0 10px 12px 0;
min-width: 0;
line-height: 24px;
}
.item-violet .button {
max-width: 177px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.item-violet.item-hot .price {
margin-bottom: 44px;
}
.item-violet.item-hot .price::after {
position: absolute;
content: "The product will soon sell out!";
font-size: 13px;
font-weight: 400;
color: #ffffff;
top: auto;
bottom: -25px;
left: 16px;
}
.item-violet.item-hot .price::before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
width: 11px;
height: 14px;
top: auto;
bottom: -22px;
left: 0;
background-image: url("img/icon-hot.svg");
}
<?php
function get_products() {
return [
'1' => [
'title' => 'Asusmer hanging bed',
'img_url' => 'img/item-asusmer.jpg',
'price' => 10000,
'discount' => 1000,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'2' => [
'title' => 'Badeta armchair',
'img_url' => 'img/item-badeta.jpg',
'price' => 3500,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => false
],
'3' => [
'title' => 'Blempere stickers',
'img_url' => 'img/item-blempere.jpg',
'price' => 500,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => true
],
'4' => [
'title' => 'Bletub chandelier',
'img_url' => 'img/item-bletub.jpg',
'price' => 4000,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'5' => [
'title' => 'Breirberi organizer',
'img_url' => 'img/item-breirberi.jpg',
'price' => 5000,
'discount' => 3000,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'6' => [
'title' => 'Mseyulida lamp',
'img_url' => 'img/item-mseyulida.jpg',
'price' => 4000,
'discount' => 500,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'7' => [
'title' => 'Rmaeribi sofa',
'img_url' => 'img/item-rmaeribi.jpg',
'price' => 15000,
'discount' => 4500,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'8' => [
'title' => 'Nnulm desk',
'img_url' => 'img/item-nnulm.jpg',
'price' => 5000,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'9' => [
'title' => 'Tre furniture set',
'img_url' => 'img/item-tre.jpg',
'price' => 20000,
'discount' => 3000,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'10' => [
'title' => 'Granny style chandelier',
'img_url' => 'img/item-default-old-lamp.jpg',
'price' => 7000,
'discount' => 2000,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => true
],
'11' => [
'title' => 'Do lamp',
'img_url' => 'img/item-do.jpg',
'price' => 3500,
'discount' => 500,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'12' => [
'title' => 'Tueta panel',
'img_url' => 'img/item-tueta.jpg',
'price' => 5000,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'13' => [
'title' => 'Nmyao pillow',
'img_url' => 'img/item-nmyao.jpg',
'price' => 1500,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => false
],
'14' => [
'title' => 'Kel lamp',
'img_url' => 'img/item-kel.jpg',
'price' => 3000,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'15' => [
'title' => 'Omase pillow',
'img_url' => 'img/item-omase.jpg',
'price' => 2000,
'discount' => 100,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'16' => [
'title' => 'Ormu basket',
'img_url' => 'img/item-ormu.jpg',
'price' => 2200,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'17' => [
'title' => 'Pinas paperclips',
'img_url' => 'img/item-pinas.jpg',
'price' => 100,
'discount' => 0,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => true
],
'18' => [
'title' => 'Preum compact cassette',
'img_url' => 'img/item-preum.jpg',
'price' => 200,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'19' => [
'title' => 'Rmob souvenir',
'img_url' => 'img/item-rmob.jpg',
'price' => 1500,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => false
],
'20' => [
'title' => 'Tkuoko chandelier',
'img_url' => 'img/item-tkuoko.jpg',
'price' => 2100,
'discount' => 1000,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => false
],
'21' => [
'title' => 'Breirberi organizer',
'img_url' => 'img/item-breirberi.jpg',
'price' => 5000,
'discount' => 20,
'is_new' => true,
'is_last' => false
],
'22' => [
'title' => 'Briatuo armchairs',
'img_url' => 'img/item-briatuo.jpg',
'price' => 7000,
'discount' => 5500,
'is_new' => false,
'is_last' => true
]
];
}
function get_product_attribute($id, $attr) {
$products = get_products();
$result = $products[$id][$attr] ?? null;
return $result;
}
function get_product_price($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'price');
}
function get_product_title($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'title');
}
function get_img_url($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'img_url');
}
function get_product_discount($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'discount');
}
function get_product_is_new($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'is_new');
}
function get_product_is_last($id) {
return get_product_attribute($id, 'is_last');
}
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