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Properties and values
CSS essentials4/17
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  • 1. CSS rules
  • 2. Selectors
  • 3. Properties and values
  • 4. Inheritance
  • 5. Inheritable properties
  • 6. Non-inheritable properties
  • 7. Shorthand properties
  • 8. Types of values: Absolute and relative
  • 9. Tag and class selectors
  • 10. Nested selectors
  • 11. Default styles
  • 12. Cascade
  • 13. Property conflict
  • 14. Multiple classes
  • 15. Embedded styles and the style attribute
  • 16. Summary of “CSS fundamentals”
  • 17. Test: Travel gallery. Appearance
Inheritable properties
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  • Theory
  • Theory
  • Comments

Inheritance

In the last step, we set the text color to white for nav, and it was also applied to the “Recent Posts” heading. Why did this happen? It’s all because of inheritance.

CSS inheritance is the mechanism by which some property values of a parent element are transmitted to its children elements.

The styles that are assigned to a single element are inherited by all of its children (nested elements), but only if they are not explicitly redefined somewhere else. For example, it is sufficient to apply a font size and color to the body tag to ensure that most of the elements inside have the same properties. Let’s consider an example of inheritance:

body {
  font-size: 14px;
}

nav {
  font-size: 18px;
}

The font size for the entire text on the page, except for the text inside the navigation, will be equal to 14px. The nav tag has its own declared value for the font size (18px), and it will be used instead of the value that is inherited from the body tag (14px). What is more, 18px will become the new inherited value for the children of the nav tag.

If the page from the example has headings, then the size of these headings will also not be the same as 14px. The fact is that the size of the headings is also explicitly set somewhere (and we will discuss this somewhere in the 11th assignment). This means that the headings have a declared value that will be used instead of the inherited value.

Let’s make sure that inheritance really works. Change the font name for the whole body.

Comments

  • index.html
  • style.css
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>The website of a beginning coder</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"> </head> <body> <header> <h1>The website of a beginning coder</h1> </header> <main> <img class="avatar" src="img/raccoon.svg" width="80" height="80" alt="Avatar"> <nav> <h2>Recent Posts</h2> <ul> <li><a href="day-1.html">Day One. How I forgot to feed the cat</a></li> <li><a href="day-2.html">Day Two. I want to become a coder</a></li> <li><a href="day-3.html">Day Three. My cat is offended at me</a></li> <li><a href="day-4.html">Day Four. How I almost got sick</a></li> <li><a href="day-5.html">Day Five. I am relaxing</a></li> <li><a href="day-6.html">Day Six. How I failed to understand anything</a></li> <li><a href="day-7.html">Day Seven. Muffin gave me an assignment</a></li> <li><a href="day-8.html">Day Eight. It’s getting very serious</a></li> <li><a href="day-9.html">Day Nine. Or more precisely night</a></li> <li><a href="day-10.html">Day Ten. Summing up</a></li> <li><a href="day-11.html">Day Eleven. Everything should be taken in moderation</a></li> <li><a href="day-12.html">Day Twelve. Everyone loves cookies</a></li> <li><a href="day-13.html">Day Thirteen. I found an article</a></li> <li><a href="day-14.html">Day Fourteen. A New Format</a></li> <li><a href="day-15.html">Day Fifteen. The Selfie Gallery</a></li> </ul> </nav> <section> <p>Greetings to everyone! Welcome to my first site. Up until just recently I had no idea what a coder does for a living, but now I have found <a href="https://htmlacademy.org/courses">interactive courses in HTML and CSS</a> and I have set myself the goal of becoming one. I even was assigned an instructor, Muffin, who does not allow me to slack off and will track my progress.</p> <p>My first assignment is to keep a diary and honestly write about all of my accomplishments.</p> </section> <section> Skills section </section> </main> <footer> Website footer </footer> </body> </html>
CSS
body { padding: 0 30px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; /* Adjust the value of the property below */ font-family: "Georgia", serif; color: #222222; } h1 { font-size: 36px; line-height: normal; } h2 { font-size: 20px; line-height: normal; } a { color: #0099ef; text-decoration: underline; } .avatar { border-radius: 10px; } nav { margin-bottom: 30px; padding: 20px; background-color: #4470c4; color: #ffffff; } nav a { color: #ffffff; } ul { list-style: none; padding-left: 0; } footer { margin-top: 30px; }

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    1. Change the value of the font-family property from "Georgia", serif to "Arial", sans-serif in the rule for the body tag.

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